Precision air conditioner refers to an air conditioner which can provide air circulation, air filtration, cooling, re-heating, and temperature & humidity control to the server room.
Today we talk about precision air conditioner components’ name and related terms, let’s dive in now.
Cooling Type
Air-cooled
Air cooled system includes a precision air conditioner indoor unit and a matching outdoor unit. The outdoor unit uses air for cooling, and the air conditioner unit releases heat to outdoor through the outdoor unit.
Water-cooled
Water cooled system includes precision air conditioner indoor unit and cooling tower. Cooling tower provides cooling circulating water to precision air conditioner indoor unit. Air conditioner unit releases heat to outdoor through the cooling circulating water.
Chilled Water
Chiller water system includes precision air conditioner indoor unit and chiller. Chiller provides chilled circulating water to the precision air conditioner indoor unit. Air conditioner releases heat to outdoor through chilled circulating water.
Double Cold Source
Double cold source systems involved air-cooled double cold source, water-cooled double cold source and chilled water double cold source.
Air-cooled double cold source unit is based on the air-cooled unit with an additional independent chilled water coil system, the water-cooled double cold source unit is based on the water-cooled unit with an additional independent chilled water coil system, and the chilled water double cold source unit has two independent chilled water coil systems.
Free Cooling
Free cooling source systems involved two types: (1) air-cooled free cooling water host & precision air conditioner indoor unit.(2) precision air conditioner indoor unit & dry cooler.
Among them, type (1) precision air conditioner indoor unit is a chilled water precision air conditioner unit, and type (2) precision air conditioner indoor unit has two independent refrigeration systems. The system can automatically switch between the two systems according to energy-saving conditions to achieve a balance between maximum energy-saving effect and reliable operation.
Component
Compressor
An important component of air conditioning, used to pressurize gaseous refrigerant. Common compressors used in precision air conditioner include scroll compressor and rotor compressor.
Evaporator
The main component for heat exchange in the indoor unit. The refrigerant inside absorbs heat, and the air blown over the external surface releases heat to form a heat exchange.
Condenser
The main component for heat exchange in the outdoor unit. The refrigerant inside absorbs heat, and the air blown over the external surface releases heat to form a heat exchange.
Ball Valve
Installed on the refrigeration system pipeline to control on & off of refrigerant and act as a switch.
Filter Drier
Installed on refrigeration system pipeline to dry and filter refrigerant.
Filter Dryer
Sight Glass
Installed on refrigeration system pipeline, used to control refrigerant amount when filling and observe refrigerant status of the system at any time.
Thermostatic Expansion Valve
Installed on refrigeration system pipeline to play the role of throttling and reducing pressure. Can involve into two types: thermostatic expansion valve(TXV) and electronic expansion valve.
Humidifier
When indoor humidity is low, device will humidify the indoor air. Humidifiers (used in precision air conditioners) are divided into: electrode humidifier and infrared humidifier.
Fan
The power equipment for air circulation inside the unit, and involved into centrifugal fan and axial fan according to direction of gasflow; involved into AC fan and EC fan according to motors’ power supply form.
Low-Temp Component
A component to ensure air conditioner can still start normally when the outdoor temperature is extremely low (below -20℃)
Component Extension
For air-cooled units, when the equivalent length of the indoor unit and outdoor unit pipes exceeds 30 meter, must install the extension component on the refrigeration system pipeline. An extension component includes a check valve and a solenoid valve.
Check Valve
A device installed on the refrigeration system pipeline to prevent the refrigerant from flowing back.
Solenoid Valve
Installed on the refrigeration system pipeline to control on & off of the refrigerant and act as a switch.
Solenoid Valve
Water Leak Detector
Used to monitor whether there is a water leakage issue in the air conditioning unit.
Airflow Supply Type
It is mainly for the air outlet position and air outlet direction of the air conditioner, which is an important consideration in air conditioner selection.
Downflow Supply
Applied to server rooms with static floor (also called static pressure floor).
Air is discharged from the bottom of the air conditioner and sent under the static floor. Static floor on the air inlet side of the cabinet has holes, and the cold air flows upward to the front of the cabinet.
Cabinet absorbs the cold air to cool the electronic components, and the exhausted hot air returns to the air conditioner from air conditioner top, forming an airflow cycle.
Upflow Supply
Applied to server room with ceiling air supply or duct air supply.
Top Front Supply
Applied to small base stations in open spaces without ceiling, air duct, or static floor.
Add hood assembly to the top of the air conditioner to supply air from the upper front of the air conditioner. The cold airflow is directly sent to the front of the cabinet. The cabinet absorbs the cold air to cool the electronic components, and the exhausted hot air returns to the air conditioner from the lower front of the air conditioner, forming an airflow cycle.
Horizontal Airflow Supply
Applicable to the case where the air conditioner and the cabinet are placed side by side.
Air conditioner sends out cold air horizontally in the entire height direction, and the cold air flows to the front of the cabinet. The cabinet absorbs the cold air to cool the electronic components, and the exhausted hot air returns to the air conditioner from the back of the air conditioner, forming an airflow cycle.
Application
Raised Floor
An electrostatic floor is used in the server room. There is an elevated floor between electrostatic floor and floor for wiring, water pipes, air conditioning pipes, etc, making server room construction more beautiful.
Heat Load
The total amount of heat generated in the server room. This includes heat dissipation from equipment, heat transfer between walls and other maintenance structures and the outside, and heat dissipation from personnel, etc.
High Density Load
A single cabinet can hold many servers, and each server has high power and large heat dissipation.
Cold/Hot Aisle
The cabinets in the server room are usually placed back to back or head to head. The head-to-head aisle is called cold aisle. The back-to-back aisle is called hot aisle.
Oil Trap
When the vertical height of the internal and external units exceeds 10 meter, will install an oil trap at every 6 meter vertical height of the air pipe so that the oil can smoothly return to the compressor for lubrication.
Conclusion
We talked about main components and their functions about precision air conditioner, also cooling type, airflow type, application about precision air conditioning.
Then you will know they are essential for the whole air conditioning system, precision air conditioners are critical for maintaining stable environmental conditions in sensitive applications like data center, laboratory, and telecom facility. Their ability to provide precise temperature, humidity control, and efficient operation ensures the reliability and lifespan of critical equipment.
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