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10 Température commune pour l'unité de réfrigération

Table des matières

Here are the commonly used temperatures for unités de réfrigération. You need to understand them and pay attention to their differences during daily maintenance.

Discharge Temperature

The discharge temperature (also known as exhaust temperature) of refrigeration unit refers to the temperature of the refrigerant as it exits the compressor. This is a critical parameter in refrigeration systems, as it reflects the thermal state of the refrigerant after compression. Discharge temperature is usually in the range of 50°C~120°C (122°F~248°F).

High discharge temperatures can indicate potential issues such as:

1. Overheating: May damage the compressor or lead to lubricant degradation.

2. Incorrect Refrigerant Level: Too much or too little refrigerant can affect system efficiency.

3. Poor Heat Exchange: Inefficient heat dissipation in the condenseur can increase the discharge temperature.

4. High Suction Superheat: Excessive superheat at the compressor inlet may lead to high discharge temperatures.

Compressor Shell Temperature

Compressor shell temperature refers to the outer surface temperature of a compressors casing during operation. It is an indicator of the heat generated within the compressor as a result of mechanical work and refrigerant compression.

Key Factors Affect Compresseur Shell Temperature

1. Compressor Load: Higher loads can lead to increased internal friction and heat.

2. Température ambiante: Surrounding environment can influence the compressors cooling efficiency.

3. Refrigerant Feature: The type and condition of the refrigerant affect thermal characteristics of the system.

4. System Efficiency: Issues like poor lubrication, clogged filters, or inadequate cooling can raise the shell temperature.

Normal Ranges: Shell temperature varies by design and system but is lower than discharge temperature. For most systems, shell temperature can range between 40°C ~ 90°C (104°F ~ 194°F). It is important to stay within the manufacturersrecommended limits to avoid overheating and potential damage to compressor.

Regular monitor shell temperature can help detect early signs of inefficiency or failure in the refrigeration system.

Compresseur Danfoss

Condensation temperature

Condensation temperature refers to the temperature at which the réfrigérant changes from vapor to liquid status in the condenser during refrigeration cycle. This occurs under a specific pressure, known as condensation pressure, which is determined by the system design and operating conditions.

Condensation Temprature Range

Air-Cooled Condenser

Condensation temperature needs 10°C ~ 15°C (18°F ~ 27°F) higher than ambient temperature.

Par exemple, if the ambient temperature is 30°C (86°F), condensation temperature will range from 40°C ~ 45°C (104°F ~ 113°F).

Water-Cooled Condenser

Condensation temperature needs 3°C ~ 8°C (5°F ~ 15°F) higher than inlet water temperature.

Par exemple, if the cooling water inlet temperature is 25°C (77°F), condensation temperature will range from 28°C ~ 33°C (82°F ~ 91°F).

Key Points about Condensation Temperature

1. Relation to Heat Rejection: Condensation temperature reflects the point at which refrigerant releases heat to surrounding environment (air or water) in the condenser.

Condenseur de climatiseur

2. System Efficiency: An optimal condensation temperature is crucial for maintaining system efficiency. High condensation temperatures can indicate poor heat transfer or inadequate condenser performance.

Condenser Shell Temperature

Condenser shell temperature refers to the surface temperature of condensers casing or outer shell during operation. This temperature indicates how effectively the condenser dissipates heat absorbed from refrigerant into the surrounding environment.

It is usually slightly above the ambient air temperature, environ. 2°C ~ 15°C (4°F ~ 27°F) higher.

Key Points about Condenser Shell Temperature

1. Heat Rejection Indicator: The shell temperature reflects the heat transfer occurring within condenser. It should be lower than the refrigerants condensation temperature.

2. Influencing Factors:

Ambient ConditionsHigher ambient air or water temperatures can raise the shell temperature in air-cooled or water-cooled systems.

Condenser EfficiencyDirt, fouling, or poor airflow can lead to inefficient heat transfer and elevated shell temperatures.

Refrigerant Pressure and LoadExcessive system load or refrigerant pressure can increase internal heat, affect the shell temperature.

Receiver Temperature

Receiver temperature refers to the temperature of refrigerant stored in the liquid receiver of a refrigeration system. Liquid receiver is a vessel located after the condenser, can store and regulate liquid refrigerant supply to the expansion valve or other downstream components.

Key Points About Receiver Temperature

1. Relation to Condensation Temperature

Receiver temperature is close to the condensation temperature since refrigerant in the receiver is in a saturated or subcooled liquid state.

It may be little lower than the condensation temperature if subcooling occurs before the refrigerant enters the receiver.

2. System Operation Indicator

Normal receiver temperatures indicate proper system operation, with sufficient heat removal in the condenser.

Increased temperatures could suggest issues like insufficient condenser cooling or high ambient conditions.

Récepteur de liquide

3. Écart de température

For air-cooled systems, receiver temperature is 5°C ~ 10°C (9°F ~ 18°F) below condensation temperature.

For water-cooled systems, the difference may be smaller due to better cooling efficiency.

Filter Temperature

Filter temperature refers to the temperature of the refrigerant as it passes through the filter or filter-drier in a refrigeration system. Filter-drier is a component used to remove moisture, saleté, and other contaminants from the refrigerant to protect the system and ensure efficient operation.

Key Points About Filter Temperature

1. Refrigerant State

Refrigerant passing through the filter is in a liquid or subcooled state on the high-pressure side of the system.

In some systems, it may also handle vapor refrigerant on the low-pressure side.

2. Normal Temperature Range

The filter temperature should be close to the refrigerants subcooled liquid temperature.

Il’s 5°C ~ 10°C (9°F ~ 18°F) lower than condensation temperature.

3. Indications of Abnormal Temperature

Temperature drop across the filter may indicate partial blockage caused by dirt, glace, or debris.

Temperature rise could suggest refrigerant flow issues or an overheated component due to system inefficiencies.

Suction Temperature

Suction temperature (or inlet temperature) refers to refrigerants temperature as it enters the compressor through the suction line in a refrigeration system. This temperature is a critical parameter for system performance and compressor health.

Key Points About Suction Temperature

1. Relation to Refrigerant State

Refrigerant is in a superheated vapor state to ensure no liquid refrigerant enters compressor, which could cause damage.

2. Normal Temperature Range

Suction temperature is little higher than evaporator temperature due to the addition of superheat.

Typical superheat values range from 5°C to 15°C (9°F to 27°F).

3. Importance of Monitor

Low Suction Temperature: Indicates insufficient superheat, risking liquid refrigerant entering the compressor ( known as « liquid slugging »).

High Suction Temperature: Suggests excessive superheat, which can reduce system efficiency and overheat the compressor.

TXV Temperature

The temperature associated with a thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) refers to the temperature of the refrigerant or the surrounding area that the valve controls and senses. TXV regulates refrigerant flow into the evaporator based on the superheat of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator.

Key Temperatures in a TXVs Operation

1. Sensor Temperature

The sensor, attached to the suction line at the evaporator outlet, measures the refrigerant temperature.

This temperature determines the superheat and controls the TXVs open or close to regulate refrigerant flow.

Normalement 5°C ~ 15°C (9°F ~ 27°F) above the evaporators saturated temperature.

Caractéristiques TXV

2. Refrigerant Temperature at the TXV Inlet

Refrigerant temperature entering the TXV is the subcooled liquid temperature, which should be little lower than the condensation temperature.

En général 5°C ~ 10°C (9°F ~ 18°F) below the condensation temperature.

3. Refrigerant Temperature at the TXV Outlet

After passing through the TXV, the refrigerants temperature drops significantly due to expansion, reaching the evaporators saturated temperature.

En général 5°C ~ 10°C (9°F ~ 18°F) below the condensation temperature.

Evaporation Temperature

Evaporation temperature (also known as the evaporating or saturated temperature) refers to the temperature at which the refrigerant changes from liquid to vapor inside the evaporator of a refrigeration system.

Key Points About Evaporation Temperature

1. Relation to Refrigerant State

At the evaporating temperature, refrigerant absorbs heat from the environment and transitions from liquid to vapor.

2. Determined by Evaporator Pressure

Evaporation temperature corresponds to the saturation temperature at the given pressure inside the evaporator. This relationship depends on the type of refrigerant used.

Écart de température

Evaporation temperature is usually 5°C ~ 10°C (9°F ~ 18°F) below the target temperature of the medium being cooled (par exemple., air or water).

Pour climatisation système, la gamme est 2°C ~ 10°C (36°F ~ 50°F).

For low-temperature systèmes de réfrigération, it can be as low as -40°C ~ -10°C (-40°F ~ 14°F).

Outdoor Ambient Temperature

Outdoor ambient temperature refers to the temperature outside a building or refrigeration system. It is the external temperature of the environment in which the system operates, and it plays a significant role in the equipment performance like air-cooled condensers or outdoor units of HVAC and systèmes de réfrigération.

Key Points About Outdoor Ambient Temperature

1. Impact on Condenser Performance

In air-cooled systems, outdoor ambient temperature directly affects condenser efficiency. A higher ambient temperature can reduce condensers ability to reject heat, lead to higher discharge pressures and temperatures.

2. System Load

Outdoor temperature influences the system’s overall cooling load. Par exemple, in hot weather, cooling demands are higher, which can affect the performance of réfrigération and air-conditioning systems.

3. Seasonal Variation

Ambient temperature fluctuates with the seasons, warm in summer and cold in winter. Systems must handle these variations effectively.

Unité de condensation

4. Normal Temperature Range

Outdoor temperature range can vary greatly depending on geographic location and seasons, but normally, it can range from -10°C (14°F) in winter to +40°C (104°F) or higher during the summer in many regions.

5. Importance in System Sizing and Operation

Engineers consider outdoor ambient temperature when design HVAC and refrigeration systems to ensure they can operate efficiently under both high and low temperature conditions.

Conclusion

These temperatures are influenced by factors such as ambient conditions, system design, refrigerant type,etc..

Proper selection and maintenance the temperatures are crucial for optimizing energy efficiency, ensuring system longevity, and meeting specific cooling or freezing requirements.

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